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Chapter 1 - Introduction to SVR4

UNIX Systems Programming for SVR4
David A. Curry
 Copyright © 1996 O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.

Standards Compliance
One of the principal features of SVR4 is standards compliance. Solaris 2.x, HP-UX 10.x, and IRIX 5.x comply with the following standards:
 ANSI X3.159-1989 (ANSI C). The ANSI C standard defines the syntax and semantics of the C programming language. It also specifies many of the library routines and header files used in C programs, and it specifies the interaction of a C program with the execution environment. The ANSI C standard was developed by the X3J11 Technical Committee on the C Programming Language under project 381-D of the American National Standards Committee on Computers and Information Processing (X3).
 IEEE Std 1003.1-1990 Portable Operating System Interface Part 1 (POSIX.1). An outgrowth of the 1984 /usr/group Standard, POSIX.1 defines application interfaces to basic system services such as input/output, the filesystem, and process management using the C programming language. It is a set of library routines, system calls, and header files. POSIX.1 has been adopted as International Standard ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
 IEEE Std 1003.2 Portable Operating System Interface Part 2 (POSIX.2). Another part of the series of POSIX standards, POSIX.2 defines a set of standard shells and utility programs, and their interfaces (such as command-line arguments and exit codes).
 X/Open Portability Guide, Issue 3 (XPG3). X/Open is an international consortium of system vendors, ISVs, and users. Its purpose is to adopt existing standards and adapt them into a single, consistent Common Applications Environment (CAE). By awarding the X/Open brand trademark to products that comply with the CAE, X/Open hopes to ensure portability and connectivity of applications. The XPG3 includes IEEE Std 1003.1-1988, and has seven volumes covering system interface commands, utilities, system interfaces and headers, supplementary definitions, programming languages, data management, window management, and networking services. The current versions of Solaris 2.x, HP-UX 10.x, and IRIX 5.x also comply with XPG4, an updated version of the standard.
 System V Interface Definition, Third Edition (SVID3). First published by AT&T in 1985, the SVID specifies an operating system environment that allows users to create software that is independent of any particular computer hardware. It defines the components of the operating system and their functionality, but not their implementation. It specifies both the source-code interface and the run-time behavior of each component. An application using only SVID components is compatible with and portable to any other computer that supports the SVID. SVR4 is compliant with the Base System component of SVID3 and all its extensions.
 System V Release 4 Application Binary Interface (ABI). An ABI defines a standard format for application programs that are compiled and packaged for different hardware architectures. It includes a generic part that specifies the machine-independent parts of the format, and a processor-specific part that specifies the machine-dependent parts. A binary program produced in compliance with the ABI runs on any ABI-conformant operating system that supports the same ABI. For example, a program compiled on a SPARC system running Solaris 2.x should work without modification on a SPARC system running plain SVR4 from AT&T.
 ANSI/IEEE 754-1985 Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic. This standard defines the format of floating-point data types, the arithmetic that can be performed on them (and how it is performed), and the exception handling used when performing the arithmetic.
 Federal Information Processing Standard Publication 158: The User Interface Components of the Applications Portability Profile (FIPS PUBS 158). A U.S. Government standard, FIPS 158 defines a standard set of tools for developing user interfaces for the Federal government. The standard is based on the X Window System, Version 11 Release 3.
 International Standard: Information Processing—8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets—Part 1: Latin alphabet No. 1 (ISO 8859-1). This standard specifies a set of 191 graphic characters, identified as Latin alphabet No. 1. The standard specifies the coding of each of these characters as a single 8-bit byte. The ASCII character set is a subset of ISO 8859-1.
 International Standard: Information Processing—Volume and File Structure of CD-ROM for Information Interchange (ISO 9660-88). This standard specifies the filesystem structures for CD-ROM drives. The Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol, which defines support for the UNIX filesystem format on CD-ROMs, is also supported.

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