Binary representation (base 2)
•12 stones
•1100 in binary representation (notation)
•12dec = 1*23 + 1*22 + 0*21 + 0*20
•
•Ndec = an*2n + an-1*2n-2 + … + a2*22 + a1*21 + a0*20               ai = 0 or 1
•
•                           n
•Ndec = ∑ ai*2i
•                 i=0
•