Practical Foundations of Debugging

Incrementing (Decrementing) numbers in memory cells and registers

•[a] := [a] + 1 ([a] := [a] – 1)

•Means increment (decrement) number at location (address) “a”

•In C language we write:

a = a + 1; or ++a; or a++;

b = b – 1; or --b; or b--;

•In Assembler we use instructions inc and dec

•In Assembler we write:

inc [a]

Inc eax

dec [a]

dec eax

•In WinDbg disassembly output we see:

inc eax